23-302 Impact of Sea State On Swot Interferometric

Il y a 2 mois

Brest, France CNES - Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales Temps plein

Doctorat, 36 mois
- Temps plein
- Moins de 2 ans d’expérience
- Master, DESS, DEA, Bac+5
- Oceanography

**Mission**:
The ocean plays a crucial role as a climate regulator as well as in human activities. Our understanding of its dynamics is mainly derived from satellite observations and in particular from radar altimetry which aims at measuring the ocean dynamic topography. CNES has always been a major actor of this effort from its involvement in the pioneer mission TOPEX/Poseidon, in collaboration with NASA and continued with the JASON series. CNES actively contributes to the European altimetric missions Sentinel-3 and 6 launched by ESA recently. The SIAM group at the Laboratoire d’Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS-Ifremer) specializes in interpreting measurements from Earth observation satellites dedicated to observing the ocean. Its work mainly focuses on developing algorithms aiming at inferring physical parameters of the ocean surface from those observations (e.g. sea state, temperature,). The understanding of the statistical properties of the ocean surface and its impact on satellite observations is crucial in order to interpret satellite observations and to address the main goals of this PhD.

How the sea state impacts SWOT’s topographic measurement is the core of the proposed PhD. The presence of surface waves is a source of bias in the measured surface height which is well-known in the context of conventional altimetry, and referred to as Sea State Bias (SSB). Correcting for such a bias requires
- a representative model of how the sea state affects the measurement
- a knowledge of the sea state at the time of the observation.

The complexity of the phenomena at stake (physics of the sea surface at short scales and interaction between the surface and the radar signal) combined with the partial knowledge of the actual sea state at the time of the satellite observation have led to the use of empirical corrections in conventional altimetry. The goal of the proposed PhD is to address the question of SSB in the context of SWOT, in order to ultimately come up with correction strategies which are both as precise and as physically motivated as possible.

The topic of SSB for SWOT has been investigated in the past from a theoretical perspective. This PhD will be an opportunity to confront these studies to actual observations and to refine the theoretical models.
- Optimizing the inference from SWOT’s observations themselves of Sea State parameters relevant to a SSB correction [data exploration / numerical simulations]
- Studying the impact of surface currents on the properties of the sea state observed by SWOT (wave/current interactions) and extracting signatures of this current induced SSB variation in the data [theoretical analysis, numerical simulations, data exploration]
- Studying the impact of surface motion on SSB. Identify signatures of surface motion in the data and compare to the predictions. This may lead to refining the models used for the predictions. Comparisons with data from conventional (SAR) altimetry may also be conducted to validate the models. [theoretical analysis, numerical simulations, data exploration]
- Studying the impact of non gaussianities on SSB: most models used for SSB studies assume linear wave propagation, which results in gaussian sea surfaces. Non gaussianities are known to play a role, but are poorly constrained from an observational point of view and hard to model theoretically. Ifremer has developed a non gaussian model of the sea surface which can be used to understand the impact on SSB. Signatures could then be searched for in SWOT data (and nadir altimeters). [theoretical analysis, numerical simulations, data exploration]

===

**Profil**:
Applied Mathematics / Physics and Remote Sensing Master. Strong skills in signal processing. Skills in remote sensing methods are welcome.

**Laboratoire**:
LOPS

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