Range Improvement of Electromagnetic Cyberattacks

il y a 2 semaines

Rennes, France Université de Rennes 1 Temps plein

**Range Improvement of Electromagnetic Cyberattacks Thanks to Hardware Trojans and Optimal Coupling**:

- Réf
- **ABG-110922**
- Sujet de Thèse- 08/02/2023- Contrat doctoral- Université de Rennes 1- Lieu de travail- Rennes - Bretagne - France- Intitulé du sujet- Range Improvement of Electromagnetic Cyberattacks Thanks to Hardware Trojans and Optimal Coupling- Champs scientifiques- Electronique
- Sciences de l’ingénieur
- Mots clés- Electromagnetic cybersecurity, TEMPEST, Hardware trojans, Radiated wave propagation**Description du sujet**:
**Supervision**:François Sarrazin, Junior Professor Chair at Université de Rennes, and Matthieu Davy, Associate Professor at Université de Rennes**PhD Context**:Cybercrime recently becomes the world’s most lucrative criminal activity with an expected annual cost of $10.5 trillion by 2025. Although cybersecurity mainly concerns software-based threats (virus, trojan, ransomware ), the use of electromagnetic (EM) waves to perform cyberattacks increases as they enable bypassing air-gapped information systems; bringing out the concept of EM cybersecurity. In particular, EM side-channel attacks (SCA) [Lav21], which are based on listening to unintentional EM emanations (from cables or CPUs for example), are powerful to recover sensitive information or retrieve secret keys of cryptographic algorithms. For example, in a TEMPEST context, EM emanations of a VGA cable connected to a computer screen can be measured and processed in order to retrieve the displayed images [Vua09]. However, the range of such attacks is limited due to the very low level of EM leakage.**PhD Objective**:The objective of this PhD is to develop new strategies to substantially increase the range of EM attacks. In particular, this work is dedicated to two complementary approaches:
- 1) Development of simple RF devices that could be used as hardware trojans in order to enhance the level of EM emanations radiated by a target, and therefore increase the maximal range of considered attacks. Hardware trojans may be achieved by means as simple as transistors soldered to a cable, as in the case of Radio Frequency Retroreflector Attacks (RFRA) [Wak18]. After evaluating the physical limitations of this solution, the aim of this PhD is to propose new hardware trojan topologies which optimize the EM radiation. Also, other coupling approaches such as crosstalk will be investigated;- 2) Development of novel signal processing methods to maximize the coupling between the attacker and the trojan by taking into account the specific constraints provided by a multipath environment such as inside buildings or transportation means (plane, train, car ). Matrix approaches and iterative techniques will be used in order to enable optimal coupling without a priori knowledges on the trojan location [Del21]. Limits of such approach in terms of ambient noise will be evaluated.**PhD Working Environment**:The PhD will take place at the IETR - UMR CNRS 6164 on the
- _Beaulieu_ campus of the
- _Université de Rennes_, France. The PhD student will join the eWAVES team (Electromagnetic cybersecurity theme) and will benefit from IETR’s world-class technological platforms including CSOQ (Complex Systems Oriented Quantification).**Applicant Profile**
- Education level_: Master or equivalent degree in electrical engineering or physics- Background_: wave propagation, electromagnetic compatibility, signal processing- Language_: French is not required**Practical Details and Application**
- PhD duration_: 36 months- Starting date_: October 1st 2023- Application deadline_: as soon as possible and before April 14th 2023- How to apply_:

- **provide a resume, cover letter and last academic transcripts**

**Bibliography**
- [Lav21] C. Lavaud, R. Gerzaguet, M. Gautier, O. Berder, E. Nogues, et al.,
- _“Whispering devices: A survey on how side-channels lead to compromised information”_,
- **Journal Hardware and Systems Security**, 2021.- [Vua09] M. Vuagnoux and S. Pasini, “
- _Compromising Electromagnetic Emanations of Wired and Wireless Keyboards_,”
- **Conference on USENIX Security Symposium**, Berkeley, CA, USA, pp. 1-16, 2009.- [Wak18] S. Wakabayashi, S. Maruyama, T. Mori, S. Goto, M. Kinugawa and Y. Hayashi,
- _“A feasibility study of radio-frequency retroreflector attack”_,
- **12th USENIX Workshop on Offensive Technologies**, WOOT 2018, Baltimore, United States.- [Del21] P. del Hougne, K. Brahima Yeo, P. Besnier, M. Davy,
- _“Coherent Wave Control in Complex Media with Arbitrary Wavefronts”_,
- **Physical Review Letters**, 2021, 126 (19).**Nature du financement**:

- Contrat doctoral**Précisions sur le financement**:

- 1750€ net pr month**Présentation établissement et labo d'accueil**:

- Université de Rennes 1**Site web**:
**Etablissement délivrant le doctorat**:

- Université de Rennes- Education level_: Master of equivalent degree in electrical engineering or physics- Background_: wave propagation, electromagne

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