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PhD in Advanced Characterization of Solid-State Battery Materials
Il y a 3 mois
This opportunity is available in multiple languages.
Please ensure your candidate profile is thoroughly completed before submitting your application.
General InformationJob Title: PhD in Advanced Characterization of Solid-State Battery Materials (M/F)
Number of Positions: 1
Location: NANTES
Type of Contract: Doctoral Contract
Contract Duration: 36 months
Workload: Full-time
Salary: € monthly
Field(s): Materials Chemistry, Nanomaterials, Processes
Positioning and objectives:
Quantum technologies offer the potential for reduced electrical energy consumption compared to existing technologies. While this notion is debated, future innovations may operate with smaller energy sources, making miniaturization advantageous. Microbatteries are poised to play a crucial role in the Internet of Things (IoT) landscape. The collaboration between IMN-CNRS in Nantes and the University of Chicago aims to explore innovative high-energy density systems and conduct nanometric-level characterization to enhance energy efficiency.
Current microbattery configurations utilizing a known solid electrolyte (an amorphous oxynitride) exhibit reasonable performance, yet face challenges under varying conditions (e.g., moderate temperatures). Additionally, the capacity primarily dictated by the positive electrode chemistry (spinel phase) is inferior to that of more recently identified compositions (such as Ni-rich oxides), which could significantly boost energy density. Furthermore, new halide-based electrolytes may offer additional capacity or high voltage stability, further enhancing microbattery performance.
Achieving these advancements necessitates a comprehensive understanding and control of the structures, chemistries, and interfaces within the microbattery, which can only be attained through precise electron microscopy techniques. The goal of this doctoral research is to develop, utilize, and refine these techniques for this purpose.
Given the reactivity of all components and their sensitivity to humidity, accurate measurements pose significant challenges (likely requiring cryogenic conditions). However, the IMN-CNRS platform is equipped with state-of-the-art instruments and expertise to facilitate substantial progress in this domain.
The selected doctoral candidate will concentrate on the characterization of thin films at the nanometer scale using advanced electron microscopy and spectroscopy techniques. Three distinct devices will be meticulously examined and compared, particularly concerning the quality and nature of the interfaces within the microbattery. Analyses will be conducted on both initial batteries and those subjected to cycling (both limited and extensive). Due to the complexity of these evaluations and the prior experience of Professor Meng's group at the University of Chicago, a well-established microbattery will serve as a reference for defining and optimizing protocols within the electron microscopy setup at IMN. The potential benefits of cryogenic temperatures will be investigated to obtain representative data. Subsequently, the positive electrode chemistry will be modified to incorporate a more complex nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide, which may offer relevant capacity. Additionally, the electrolyte will be substituted with a halide-based variant, recently demonstrated by the IMN-University of Chicago partnership to exhibit unique electrochemical properties.
To facilitate these high-level investigations and deepen understanding of these innovative nanometer-scale devices, the doctoral candidate will have access to the exceptional imaging and analytical capabilities of the IMN (Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) and Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) utilizing the Nant'Themis (S)TEM). This probe-corrected microscope is outfitted with specialized sample holders for operando measurements, operating in a 'low dose' mode with highly sensitive detectors. Importantly, sample supports necessary for handling air- and beam-sensitive materials are available. A unique sample holder, currently the only one in France, enabling low-temperature (cryogenic) and vacuum transfers with double-rotation capabilities, will be extensively utilized.
Moreover, thin film samples can be more effectively analyzed when prepared using a focused ion beam to create suitable TEM lamellae. Consequently, the doctoral candidate will also utilize the IMN's Crossbeam 550L, equipped with transfer devices and cryogenic capabilities appropriate for MET lamella preparation.
Profile sought:
The ideal candidate holds a master's degree in physics, materials science, engineering, or a related field.
Experience in characterization using electron microscopy techniques and image processing related to these methods is essential.
A solid understanding of spectroscopic techniques (such as EELS, EDS) and a foundational knowledge of electron-matter interactions is required.
Familiarity with materials chemistry is necessary to appreciate the specificities associated with compounds in lithium batteries and the reactions they may induce.
A keen interest in delicate, precise, and challenging experiments is essential, demonstrating carefulness and perseverance.
Effective communication in English with fellow researchers is crucial for smooth collaboration with the University of Chicago partner.
The candidate should exhibit quality orientation, conscientiousness, creativity, and a collaborative spirit, with a strong appreciation for scientific rigor.
Ability to communicate with diverse audiences is also important.
This thesis is funded by the CNRS as part of a collaborative research initiative with the University of Chicago. International collaboration is a significant aspect of the thesis, and the selected candidate will play a vital role in enhancing this partnership.
The thesis will primarily be conducted at the IMN and will be enrolled in the French doctoral school in Nantes. However, multiple research stays are anticipated at the University of Chicago.
The hosting laboratory is the Nantes Jean Rouxel Institute of Materials (IMN, UMR), a joint research center of the CNRS and Nantes University, comprising over 200 staff members, including more than 120 permanent members (professors, CNRS researchers, engineers) and around 80 doctoral and post-doctoral students. The selected doctoral candidate will benefit from interactions with numerous colleagues engaged in various fields of materials science through experiments employing a wide array of advanced characterization techniques and simulations. As part of this project, the doctoral candidate will be integrated into a renowned group focused on the development and characterization of Li-ion batteries (silicon, high Ni content oxides, organic-based, etc.). The doctoral candidate will receive supervision from a professor in this group (Philippe Moreau) and a CNRS research director (Joël Gaubicher) with extensive expertise in lithium battery materials and devices. Professor Ying Shirley Meng will also provide regular oversight due to her extensive experience in solid-state batteries and thin film fabrication. The doctoral candidate will have direct and easy access to the IMN electron microscopy facility, enabling the development of cutting-edge experiments in this field.
Periodic research stays at the University of Chicago will occur throughout the thesis, particularly concerning microbattery synthesis.
