Postdoctoral Position in

il y a 1 mois

Dijon, France CESAER Temps plein

**Research Context**

Climate change is increasing the frequency, intensity, and duration of heat waves (IPCC, 2023), regardless of the climate scenario considered. By 2050, it is estimated that the number of heatwave days will have doubled in France. Urban environments exacerbate these heatwaves through the heat island phenomenon, caused by a combination of several factors (urban morphology, anthropogenic heat, and specific urban surfaces). Additionally, climate change encourages the formation of certain pollutants, such as ozone (Masson et al., 2020), and increases concentrations of fine particles (Tai et al., 2010), both of which have significant health impacts (Soares and Silva, 2022; WHO, 2014).

Climate change adaptation operates on two interdependent levels: urban public policy (involving adaptation of buildings, urban cover, and transportation) and individual adaptation (including changes in working hours, air conditioning use, and seeking cool zones or moving to new residential areas). However, these individual adaptations can increase greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and particulate matter (PM2.5), worsening the climate crisis. Furthermore, these solutions create inequalities, as the most vulnerable households are often the most exposed (Morelli et al., 2019) and have the least capacity to adapt (Bourret Soto and Guillon, 2024).

While several studies have explored the effects of air pollution on residential location using natural experiments (Pan, 2023; Banzhaf and Walsh, 2008) or instrumental variables (Freeman, 2019), there is little research on the effects of temperatures and heatwaves on residential mobility. It is reasonable to hypothesize that as heatwave summers become more frequent, urban residents may factor heat islands into their residential location decisions, seeking cooler environments for protection during the summer.

The postdoctoral project aims to document the effects of climate change—particularly heatwaves and air pollution—on residential mobility. Adaptation strategies linked to residential mobility, their impacts on urban and rural space organization, and their contribution to GHG and pollutant emissions remain poorly understood. The postdoctoral researcher will work to quantify the effects of these changes on population distribution and the impact of residential mobility on daily mobility, including transport modes and travel volumes. Based on this analysis, the researcher will estimate the emissions inventories (PM2.5, ozone, and GHG) altered by residential mobility and evolving daily travel patterns.

The Grenoble metropolitan area will serve as the first case study for this methodology, which will later be extended to other major urban areas in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region and across France.

This postdoctoral project, which is part of two ongoing projects (ANR Clim’air, focusing on the economic and health assessment of climate change adaptation scenarios), and ClimZU submitted to the ANR PEPR TRACCS in September 2024, focusing on the modelling of temperatures during heat waves and the impact of these temperatures on mobility), offers an exciting opportunity to engage in interdisciplinary research at the intersection of climate adaptation, urban planning, and environmental economics.

**MISSIONS**

**Research questions**

The PostDoc will address the following research questions:

- Which populations migrate (in terms of spatial and socio-economic characteristics) and to which destinations? What is the impact of air pollution and heatwaves on residential migration?
- How does residential migration impact travel patterns, particularly car dependency and travel volumes from the urban periphery (suburbs and rural areas) to the urban center?
- What impact does residential migration have on socio-spatial inequalities (e.g., spatial segregation)?

**Phases of work**

The postdoctoral researcher will:
**1- Conduct a literature review (2 months)**:
The first stage will involve conducting a literature review on the links between residential location and pollution/climate to identify i) the types of pollutants that affect residential location; ii) whether there are thresholds above which air pollution induces residential mobility; iii) triggers for mobility (e.g., health events, the birth of a child); iv) the heterogeneity of households that can afford to move. The review could also turn to the few urban economy models that explore the connection between climate and urban sprawl. This will enable hypotheses to be formulated and tested. Depending on the researcher’s interests and skills, the postdoc will also review causal inference methods (e.g., difference-in-difference, synthetic control - Abadie et al., 2010), agent-based models or urban economy models taking into account climate amenities and pollution.

**2- Quantify and analyze residential migration in major cities of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, using census data and post office mail redirection data.**:
The

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