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23-085 Multiscale Lithospheric Structure of The

Il y a 2 mois

Montpellier, France CNES - Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales Temps plein

Doctorat, 36 mois
- Temps plein
- Moins de 2 ans d’expérience
- Master, DESS, DEA, Bac+5
- Internal geophysics, geodynamics and geodesy

**Mission**:
The Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is one of the largest accretionary orogen on Earth, resulting from long-lived subduction processes and the final collision of the Tarim and North China cratons in the south and the Siberian Craton in the north. Its formation and evolution are still under debate, as magmatism, massive juvenile crustal production, metamorphism, and relamination could have interacted at different spatial scales. Over the past two decades extensive work has been carried out in the CAOB in order to characterize its geological, geochemical and geochronological evolution at both the local (few kms scale) and regional (100 km scale) levels. However, only a few integrated geophysical studies have been performed at the lithospheric scale. One of the most surprising inconsistencies these studies revealed is the contrast between the orientations of crustal and mantle fabrics. The Mongolian collage crustal signal has a global E-W trending fabrics, whereas the upper mantle signal presents a global N-S-trending fabrics. The project aims to offer a new consistent 3D lithospheric architecture of the Mongolian collage in order to lift the veil on this apparent inconsistency using potential field satellite and ground data combined with receiver functions and geological constraints (geochemistry, lithostratigraphy and geochronology).
We target here three questions regarding the Mongolian collage: at large scale, (1) Are the sutures continuous at depth? We will gain insight into the continuity through the entire crust of identified major sutures within and at the boundaries of the Precambrian microcontinental blocks. We will particularly look for any correlation between strong gravity and magnetic gradients with seismic contrasts in depth; (2) How deep is the Mongolian orocline? We want to assess the Mongolian oroclinal root in the lithospheric mantle, if expressed by the occurrence of gravity and magnetic continuous anomaly belt and seismic anomalies reflecting the oroclinal belt at the upper mantle level. At the regional scale, (3) Is there evidence of relamination? We will evaluate the occurrence of a felsic relaminant in the southern Mongolian collage and its possible extension to the south western and western parts, if the models confirm the occurrence of low density and low velocity zones at lower crustal level.

Methodology

The multiscale and pluridisciplinary datasets will bring complementary information. The largest wavelength and the full coverage of the area are obtained with the satellite data (gravity gradient, magnetic). We will use the tensor components from the GOCE satellite as well as the vertically integrated susceptibility anomalies from the lithospheric magnetic field of the SWARM mission. Inversion tools and modelling facilities for those two data sets are developed and available at the two laboratories. Correlations with the large-scale lithospheric structures and tectonic zones as well as the possible discontinuities in the lower crust and continental lithospheric mantle will be specified. The ground data bring the shortest signal wavelength and will be used to constrain the crustal density and magnetic susceptibility distributions. Thus, for the regional scale, the analysis and 2D/3D forward modelling of the Bouguer gravity anomalies from ground gravity data (Czech Geological Survey database) and the magnetic anomalies (EMAG2) combined with seismic receiver function (IRIS-PASSCAL experiment) will characterize the Precambrian continental ribbon architecture and the crustal structures of the Mongolian collage. Density versus seismic velocity models will be tested in order to identify regions with highly hydrated minerals or to distinguish oceanic from continental materials. These geophysical results will be compared with and constrained by a substantial geological database supplied by the Czech Geological Survey and the literature.

The final objective is a coherent structural map for the lithosphere with density, magnetic and seismic velocity constraints.

Therefore, this 3-year PhD project includes gravity, magnetic and seismic data corrections, filtering and analysis to identify sources located at different depths, following by 2D and/or 3D forward modelling, as well as inversion. The passive seismology analysis principally refers to receiver function method from available dataset in the region. We will use a frequency analysis on both Ps and Sp conversions in order to span the whole content of the signal and reach all lithospheric interfaces.

Expected deliverables

1. Evaluation of the use of satellite data to decipher the lithospheric structures in Central Asia.

2. New consistent 3D lithospheric architecture of the Mongolian collage.

3. Combined density and seismic velocity models at a regional scale for the Mongolian collag

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